Ifanelekile ukusetwa kweivalve yesango, ivalve yeglowubhu, ivalve yebhola, ivelufa butterflykunye nevalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizixhobo zepetrochemical.Khangela ivalve, ivelufa yokhuseleko, ivalve elawulayo, iseti yomgibe ubone imigaqo efanelekileyo.Ayifanelekanga ukusetwa kweevalvu kunikezelo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi.
1. Imigaqo yoyilo lwevalvu
1.1 Iivalvu ziya kusekwa ngokohlobo kunye nobungakanani obuboniswe kwitshati yokuqukuqela ye-PID yemibhobho kunye nesixhobo.Xa i-PID ineemfuno ezithile zokubeka indawo yokufakela ezinye iivalve, kufuneka imiselwe ngokweemfuno zenkqubo.
1.2 Iivalvu kufuneka zicwangciswe kwindawo ekulula ukufikelela kuyo, kulula ukuyisebenzisa nekulula ukuyigcina.Iivalvu kwimiqolo yemibhobho kufuneka zicwangciswe kwindawo ephakathi, kunye namaqonga okusebenza okanye iileli ziqwalaselwe.
2. Iimfuno zesikhundla sofakelo lwevalvu
2.1 Iivalvu ezisikiweyo ziya kusekwa xa imibhobho yegalari yemibhobho yezixhobo zokungena nezokuphuma zidityaniswe nomphathi wegalari yombhobho wefektri yonke.Isikhundla sokufakela i-valve kufuneka silungiselelwe phakathi kwelinye icala lendawo yesixhobo, kwaye iqonga eliyimfuneko elisebenzayo okanye iqonga lokulungisa kufuneka limiselwe.
2.2 Iivalvu ezifuna ukusebenza rhoqo, ukulungiswa nokutshintshwa kuya kubekwa kwindawo efikeleleka lula emhlabeni, iqonga okanye ileli.Iivalvu zomoya kunye nezombane kufuneka zilungiswe kwiindawo ezifikeleleka lula.
2.3 Iivalvu ekungeyomfuneko ukuba ziqhutywe rhoqo (kuphela ukuvulwa nokumiswa) kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo apho iileli zethutyana zinokumiswa ukuba azikwazi kuqhutywa phantsi.
2.4 Umbindi wesivalo sevili lesandla kufuneka ube yi-750 ~ 1500mm kude nomphezulu wokusebenza, kwaye owona mphakamo ufanelekileyo yi-1200mm.Ukuphakama kofakelo lwevalve engadingi ukusebenza rhoqo kunokufikelela kwi-1500 ~ 1800mm.Xa ukuphakama kofakelo kungenakuncitshiswa kwaye ukusebenza rhoqo kuyadingeka, iqonga lokusebenza okanye ukunyathela kufuneka kusekwe kuyilo.Iivalvu ezikwimibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezinemithombo yeendaba eziyingozi aziyi kumiselwa phakathi komphakamo wentloko yomntu.
2.5 Xa iziko le-valve handwheel lingaphezulu kwe-1800mm ukusuka kumphakamo wendawo yokusebenza, kuyafaneleka ukuseta umsebenzi we-sprocket.Ikhonkco le-sprocket kufuneka libe malunga ne-800mm ukusuka emhlabeni, kwaye ikhonkco yekhonkco kufuneka imiselwe ukuxhoma isiphelo esisezantsi sekhonkco eludongeni olusondeleyo okanye iposti, ukwenzela ukuba ingachaphazeli indlela yokuhamba.
2.6 Kwi-valve efakwe kumsele, xa isigqubuthelo somsele sivulekile kwaye sinokusebenza, isondo lesandla sevalve akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwe-300mm ngaphantsi kwesivalo somsele.Ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-300mm, i-lever yokwandisa i-valve kufuneka imiselwe ukuze isondo lesandla libe ngaphantsi kwe-100mm ngaphantsi kwesivalo somsele.
2.7 Xa i-valve efakwe kwi-groove yombhobho kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi, okanye i-valve ifakwe phantsi komgangatho ophezulu (i-platform), intonga yokwandisa i-valve inokusetwa ukuba yandise kwi-plate yokugubungela umsele, umgangatho kunye neqonga lokusebenza; kunye nentonga emide yesandla sevili umgama wokusebenza umphezulu we-1200mm ifanelekile.Iivalvu ezinamadayamitha abizwa ngokuba yi-DN40 okanye ngaphantsi kunye noqhagamshelo olunemisonto akufuneki luqhutywe nge-sprockets okanye iintonga ezinwetshiweyo ukuphepha umonakalo kwivalve.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iivalve kufuneka ziqhutywe nge-sprocket encinci okanye intonga yokwandisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
2.8 Umgama phakathi kwevili lesandla sevalve elungiselelwe ukujikeleza iqonga kunye nomphetho weqonga akufanele ube mkhulu kune-450 mm.Xa i-valve stem kunye ne-handwheel ifikelela phezulu kweqonga kwaye ukuphakama kungaphantsi kwe-2000 mm, akufanele kuthintele ukusebenza kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi, ukuze kungabangela ukulimala komntu.
3. Iimfuno zokumisela ivalve enkulu
3.1 Ukusebenza kweevalvu ezinkulu kufuneka kusetyenziswe indlela yokuhambisa igiya, kwaye indawo yendawo efunwa ngumatshini wothumelo kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kusetwa.
3.2 Inkxaso kufuneka ibekwe kwicala elinye okanye kumacala omabini evalve kwiivalve ezinkulu.Inkxaso akufanele ibekwe kumbhobho omfutshane omele ususwe ngexesha lokugcinwa, kwaye ukuxhaswa kombhobho akufanele kuchaphazeleke xa ususa i-valve.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umgama phakathi kwenkxaso kunye ne-valve flange kufuneka ibe mkhulu kune-300mm.
3.3 Indawo yofakelo lweevalvu ezinkulu kufuneka ibenesiza sokusebenzisa icrane, okanye ucinge ngokuseta idavithi kunye nomqadi ojingayo.
4. Iimfuno zeevalvu kwimibhobho ethe tye
4.1 Ngaphandle kweemfuno ezizodwa zenkqubo, ivili lesandla sesivalo esifakwe kumbhobho jikelele othe tye aliyi kuhla, ngakumbi isivalo esikumbhobho ophakathi oyingozi salelwe ngokungqongqo.Ukuma kwevili lesandla sesivalo kumiselwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:Uthe nkqo phezulu; kunye noorizontal;the nkqo phezulu phezulu ekhohlo nasekunene thambeka 45°;the nkqo phantsi ekhohlo nasekunene thambeka 45°; hayi ngokuthe nkqo ezantsi.
4.2 I-valve ye-valve ephakanyisiweyo ephakanyisiweyo, xa i-valve ivuliwe, i-valve stem ayiyi kuchaphazela i-passage, ngakumbi xa i-valve stem ifumaneka entloko okanye edolweni lomqhubi.
5. Ezinye iimfuno zokuseta ivalvu
5.1 Umgca osembindini weevalvu kwimibhobho enxuseneyo mawucoceke kangangoko.Xa i-valve ihlelwe ecaleni komnye nomnye, umgama ocacileyo phakathi kwee-handwheels akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-100mm;Iivalvu zisenokugxadazwa ukunciphisa isithuba semibhobho.
5.2 Ivalve efunekayo ukuqhagamshelwa kumlomo wesixhobo kwinkqubo kufuneka iqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kumbhobho wesixhobo xa i-diameter yegama, uxinzelelo lwegama kunye nohlobo lomphezulu wokutywina zifana okanye zihambelana neflange yesixhobo.Xa i-valve i-concave flange, kuyimfuneko ukucela ingcali yezixhobo ukuba iqwalasele i-convex flange kwi-nozzle ehambelanayo.
5.3 Ngaphandle kokuba inkqubo ineemfuno ezizodwa, iivalve kwimibhobho engezantsi yeenqaba, i-reactors, iinqanawa ezithe nkqo kunye nezinye izixhobo aziyi kucwangciswa kwi-skirt.
5.4 Xa umbhobho wesebe utsalwa kumbhobho oyintloko, i-valve yokusika kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ethe tyaba yombhobho wesebe kufuphi nengcambu yombhobho oyintloko, ukwenzela ukuba i-fluid ikhutshwe kumacala omabini e-valve.
5.5 Ivalve yokunqunyulwa kombhobho wesebe kwigalari yombhobho ayisoloko isetyenziswa (kuphela ukumisa nokugcina).Ukuba akukho ileli isisigxina, kufuneka kubekelwe bucala indawo yokusetyenziswa kweleli yokwexeshana.
5.6 Xa i-valve yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ivuliwe, amandla okuqala makhulu, kwaye inkxaso kufuneka imiselwe ukuxhasa i-valve kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuqala.Ubude bofakelo kufuneka bube yi-500 ~ 1200mm.
5.7 Ivalve yamanzi omlilo kunye nevalve yomphunga womlilo kwindawo yomda wesixhobo kufuneka isasazwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo umqhubi wemoto ekulula ukufikelela kuyo xa kukho ingozi.
5.8 Iqela le-valve yomlilo wokucima umbhobho wokusabalalisa umphunga wesithando sokufudumala kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza, kwaye umgama phakathi kombhobho wokusabalalisa kunye nomzimba wesithando somlilo akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-7.5m.
5.9 Xa ufaka ivalve ngoqhagamshelo olunentambo kumbhobho, ijoyinti ephilayo kufuneka ifakwe kufuphi nevalve yokuqhaqha.
5.10 Ivalve yokubambelela okanyeivelufa butterflyayinakudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kunye neeflange zezinye iivalve kunye nezixhobo, kwaye umbhobho omfutshane onamaflange kuzo zombini iziphelo kufuneka zongezwe phakathi.
5.11 I-valve akufanele ithwale umthwalo wangaphandle, ukuze ungonakalisi i-valve ngenxa yoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-02-2023